To combine stderr and stdout into the stdout stream, we append this to a command:

 2>&1

e.g. to see the first few errors from compiling g++ main.cpp:

 g++ main.cpp 2>&1 | head

What does 2>&1 mean, in detail?

File descriptor 1 is the standard output (stdout).
File descriptor 2 is the standard error (stderr).

At first, 2>1 may look like a good way to redirect stderr to stdout. However, it will actually be interpreted as "redirect stderr to a file named 1".

& indicates that what follows and precedes is a file descriptor, and not a filename. Thus, we use 2>&1. Consider >& to be a redirect merger operator.

#Question
How to restore a Plesk server on a new Linux server from file system?

#Answer
To restore a Plesk server on another Linux server with the following steps, the new server must meet the following requirements:

• Same versions as on old server of the following:
  • operating system
  • Plesk version
  • MySQL or MariaDB
  • A valid Plesk license is installed
• Same set of Plesk extensions installed

NASA has detected a signal from Voyager 2 after nearly two weeks of silence from the interstellar spacecraft.

NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory said on Tuesday that a series of ground antennas, part of the Deep Space Network, had registered a carrier signal from Voyager 2 on Tuesday. //

NASA said it lost contact with Voyager 2, which is traveling 12.3 billion miles away from Earth, on Friday after "a series of planned commands" inadvertently caused the craft to turn its antenna 2 degrees away from the direction of its home planet. //

What might seem like a slight error had big consequences: NASA said it wouldn't be able to communicate with the craft until October, when the satellite would go through one of its routine repositioning steps. //

Last month's command mix-up means Voyager 2 is not able to transmit data back to Earth, but it also foreshadows the craft's inevitable end an estimated three years from now.

"Eventually, there will not be enough electricity to power even one instrument," reads a NASA page documenting the spacecraft's travels. "Then, Voyager 2 will silently continue its eternal journey among the stars."

Voyager 2's sister spacecraft, Voyager 1, meanwhile, is still broadcasting and transmitting data just fine from a slightly further vantage point of 15 billion miles away.

johnwalker

When I wrote “The Digital Imprimatur” almost twenty years ago (published on 2003-09-13), I was motivated by the push for mandated digital rights management with hardware enforcement, attacks on anonymity on the Internet, the ability to track individuals’ use of the Internet, and mandated back-doors that defeated encryption and other means of preserving privacy against government and corporate surveillance. //

This time it’s called “Web Environment Integrity 1” (WEI), and it comes, not from Microsoft but from the company that traded in their original slogan of “Don’t be evil 1” for “What the Hell, evil pays a lot better!”—Google.

So, what is WEI? Let’s start with a popular overview from Ars Technica.

The nuclear waste buried far beneath the earth will be toxic for thousands of years. How do you build a warning now that can be understood in the far future?

“This place is not a place of honor,” reads the text. “No highly esteemed dead is commemorated here… nothing valued is here. What is here was dangerous and repulsive to us. This message is a warning about danger.”

"Onkalo" is a Finnish word for a cave or a hollow. It implies something big and deep: you don't know where an onkalo ends or whether it ends at all.

It's a fitting name for a huge grave made in Finland over the last 20 years. Onkalo, which lies 450m (1,500ft) deep inside the bedrock of Olkiluoto island in the southwest of the country, is the world's first permanent storage site for spent nuclear fuel.

The gently winding road to Olkiluoto is lined with pine trees stretching high up to the sky. Nature has come back to life here after five months of winter. The ground is covered by a carpet of small yellow flowers and the air is filled with birdsong. It's almost too beautiful a setting for a major industrial site.

Olkiluoto is home to three nuclear reactors, which stand side by side on the seaside. The third launched only this year, becoming the first new reactor to provide power in Western Europe in 15 years. These reactors, along with two others in Loviisa on the south coast, produce 33% of Finland's electricity.

A few minutes' drive away from the Olkiluoto reactors, construction of the world's first Geological Disposal Facility (GDF) for spent nuclear fuel is nearing completion.

In 1946, a dangerous radioactive apparatus in the Manhattan Project killed a scientist when his screwdriver slipped. To tell his story, Ben Platts-Mills pieced together what happened inside the room.

Less than a year after the Trinity atomic bomb test, a careless slip with a screwdriver cost Louis Slotin his life.

In 1946, Slotin, a nuclear physicist, was poised to leave his job at Los Alamos National Laboratories (formerly the Manhattan Project). When his successor came to visit his lab, he decided to demonstrate a potentially dangerous apparatus, called the "critical assembly". During the demo, he used his screwdriver to support a beryllium hemisphere over a plutonium core. It slipped, and the hemisphere dropped over the core, triggering a burst of radiation. He died nine days later.

Last week, BBC Future explored the consequences of this fatal accident in a specially illustrated story created by the artist and writer Ben Platts-Mills:

• The Blue Flash: How a careless slip led to a fatal accident in the Manhattan Project

In this gallery, Platts-Mills explains how he composed the illustrations, based on reconstructions created shortly after the accident, archive photographs, and his own mock-up of the apparatus built from household materials.

In the 1950s, with the USSR seemingly sprinting ahead in the space race, US scientists hatched a bizarre plan – nuking the surface of the Moon to frighten the Soviets.

The agency opposes an amendment that prevents it from using data brokers.

Vegan influencer Zhanna Samsonova has reportedly “died of starvation” after subsisting exclusively off a diet of exotic fruit in Malaysia, according to her friends and family.

She was 39

NASA Data Show Volcanic Eruption, Not Man-Made Climate Change, Likely Cause of Record Heat Wave

Agency says that water vapor injected into the atmosphere from a recent volcanic eruption was enough to increase Earth's global average temperature //

“It turns out that levels of water vapor in the atmosphere have dramatically increased over the last year-and-a-half, and water vapor is well recognized as a greenhouse gas, whose heightened presence leads to higher temperatures, a mechanism that dwarfs any effect CO2 may have,” Thomas Lifson, founder of American Thinker, wrote in a July 31 op-ed.

“So, why has atmospheric water vapor increased so dramatically? Because of a historic, gigantic volcanic eruption last year that I — probably along with you — had never heard of,” he added. “The mass media ignored it because it took place 490 feet underwater in the South Pacific.”

According to NASA, when the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai volcano erupted last year, along with producing a sonic boom that circled the globe twice and a tsunami, it “blasted an enormous plume of water vapor into Earth’s stratosphere — enough to fill more than 58,000 Olympic-sized swimming pools.”
https://www.nasa.gov/feature/jpl/tonga-eruption-blasted-unprecedented-amount-of-water-into-stratosphere

NASA cited a study published in Geophysical Research Letters showing that an estimated 146 teragrams (one teragram equals a trillion grams) of water vapor was sent into the atmosphere, which is equal to 10 percent of the water already present in that atmospheric later. https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2022GL099381

Other data published in the journal Nature estimate the rise in global stratospheric water mass following the volcanic event at 13 percent. https://www.nature.com/articles/s43247-022-00652-x

As the space agency, which also tracks global temperatures, readily admitted on its own webpage, “The sheer amount of water vapor could be enough to temporarily affect Earth’s global average temperature.”

One day in Oppenheimer's Manhattan Project, a brief, casual moment of carelessness killed one scientist and severely injured another. In this specially illustrated story, the artist and writer Ben Platts-Mills recounts what happened to these atomic bomb-makers – and why their accident holds powerful lessons for today.

"...In the search for a harmonious attitude towards life, it must never be forgotten that we ourselves are both actors and spectators in the drama of existence." – Niels Bohr, physicist //

On 21 May 1946, the physicist Louis Slotin was in his final weeks of working for the Project. He was an expert in bomb assembly and had played a central role, hand-building the "Trinity" device for the first test in July 1945, just a month before the Fat Man and Little Boy atomic bombs were dropped on Japan. But, like Oppenheimer, in the months that followed, he came to object to the continuation of the nuclear weapons programme and had decided to go back to civilian life.

Slotin was giving a tour to Alvin Graves, the scientist who was due to replace him. A little before 15:00, in the middle of one of the laboratory buildings, Graves spotted something he recognised: the "critical assembly", which was Slotin's specialism. Like an experimental nuclear bomb, it was used to safely test the reactivity of a plutonium core.

Graves commented that he had never seen the assembly demonstrated. Slotin offered to run through it for him.

From the other side of the room, Raemer Schreiber, Slotin's colleague, agreed. However, he encouraged him to proceed slowly and with caution: //

There are conflicting reports about what went wrong. An onlooker said Slotin's approach on this occasion was "improvised". Others said what he did was perfectly normal. In Schreiber's official report, he said Slotin acted "too rapidly and without adequate consideration", but that the others in the room "by their silence, agreed to the procedure".

"I turned because of some noise or sudden movement," wrote Schreiber. "I saw a blue flash... and felt a heat wave simultaneously." It seems the screwdriver had slipped and the plutonium had gone "prompt critical" as the reflector dropped down over it. It happened, as Schreiber wrote, in "a few tenths of a second." Slotin flipped the upper reflector to the floor, but his reaction was already too late. In the moments after the accident, the room was silent.

Then Slotin said quietly: "Well, that does it." //

Slotin died nine days later from organ failure. "A pure and simple case of death from radiation," as a colleague would later describe it. //

In fact his boss, Enrico Fermi, had explicitly warned Slotin only a few months earlier about his approach to critical assemblies. "You'll be dead within the year, if you keep doing that," he had said.

But it seems Fermi's was a lone voice in an institution that tended to downplay the dangers of its work. //

Relatively unscathed by the accident, Schreiber went on to help re-design the way procedures like the one that killed Slotin were conducted, with a greater emphasis on safety.

Standing at Slotin's shoulder, Graves received a high dosage of radiation and became critically ill. //

Floy Agnes Lee, the haematologist treating Graves after the accident described in a 2017 interview how severe his condition was. "His white blood cells were so low that they didn’t understand why he was still living," she said. "I don’t remember how long it took before his hair started growing back again."

In mid-February, one year after Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine, the Finnish internet was hit with a deluge of near-identical messages chastizing Finland’s ambitions to join western security alliance NATO.

On social media platforms like Twitter, an army of users parroted the same sentence: “NATO can’t save Finland.” Some posts received tens of thousands of views in the lead-up to the country’s admission to NATO on April 4.

But there was a catch: the sentence that spread like wildfire was grammatically incorrect. In the Finnish language, there are two verbs that mean “to save.” One means to rescue, and the other means to save in the form of recording or storing. The viral phrase used the latter.

The erroneous use of the verb, alongside the proliferation of seemingly fake accounts tweeting the slogan — many were only a few months or weeks old — alerted the Finnish public that the viral message was not the product of an organic uprising at home. The origin of the campaign hasn’t been determined, but many believe it was an act of disruption, or disinformation warfare, likely stemming from pro-Kremlin actors using bots, paid trolls and influencers relying on Google Translate to carry out the failed campaign.

What began as an effort to stoke discord in Finnish society and discredit Finland’s efforts to join NATO became a running joke in the nation, inspiring a flood of wisecracks and memes. The country’s public broadcaster Yle published a story in late February with a headline that read: “Finnish grammar foils pro-Russia trolls.”

“I think the objective was ensuring that DOJ would not prosecute Hunter Biden now, or in the future, for a wide swath of offenses relating to what I consider to be, you know, a broad international criminal conspiracy,” Scharf said.

“That’s FARA, influence peddling, the money laundering, the whole story,” he said. “It appears that they were trying to shoehorn that non-prosecution or immunity agreement into this case.”

Scharf said he executed hundreds of diversion agreements as a federal prosecutor. Yet, in his experience, training, or education, he had never heard of an agreement structured as Biden’s was.

The Biden agreement included language that gave Biden broad immunities from future prosecutions—language typically found in the plea deal, the graduate of Harvard Law School said.

While plea deals are public and approved by judges, diversion agreements are private and outside the purview of the courts, he said.

Both Weiss and the defense team had to understand there was a public perception problem, so they buried the non-prosecution language into the diversion agreement and then referred to the diversion agreement in the plea agreement, he said.

He said that by linking the two agreements, they attempted to get the judge’s backdoor approval of the non-public non-prosecution language.

“In the diversion agreement, they refer back to all the facts in the plea such that prosecuting Hunter would be impossible as long as he didn’t break the conditions of his probation in that diversion agreement,” Scharf said.

“If I’m not explaining it well, I apologize. It’s the strangest thing I’ve ever seen,” he said.

This is why Noreika balked at a constitutional problem because the linkage made the judge the arbiter of Biden’s conduct, not the Justice Department, he said. In that way, the judiciary branch would assume an executive branch function—an innovation the judge was not ready to validate. //

anon-adwq
38 minutes ago
Judge Noreika performed masterfully at the hearing. She was presented at the last minute with a "pardon for anything and everything" clause buried in a diversion agreement she was not allowed to reject. First of all, she found it. Second, her questioning at the hearing maneuvered Weiss into a statement the Biden team could not accept. This nullified the agreement in fact, so Judge Noreika could send them back to the drawing board. Game, set, match. Brilliant!

As for "Legendary Lowell", have fun! He is dealing with a judge that is thoroughly PO'd at the Biden team of shysters after they lied to her clerk and then tried to blame the grift on the clerk. He is just icing on the cake, particularly after attacking the prosecutor in open court. Some "Legendary Lawyer". Alligator mouth and hummingbird brain. Judge Noreika has already shut down all communication between her court and the "Legendary" Biden team except through her in person. That will speed things up! It will also mean that the person on the other end of the phone when the Biden team calls is on to their game and her attitude will range the full span from ticked off to p**sed off. I just wish I could be an observer in the corner - I would pay admission.

paw Ars Tribunus Militum 21y 1,984

dj__jg said:
I guess ESA has a shot at being a role model at de-orbiting stuff, since they sure aren't being a role model at putting stuff into orbit considering the delays and expendable nature of Ariane 6.

Let's not dump on ESA too much re being a role model. Ariane 5's outstanding launch of JWST, doubling its lifetime, should not be overlooked.

Honest question: have any NASA launches exceeded expectations by that much? //

Cloudgazer Ars Tribunus Angusticlavius 8y 15,517

paw said:
Let's not dump on ESA too much re being a role model. Ariane 5's outstanding launch of JWST, doubling its lifetime, should not be overlooked.

Honest question: have any NASA launches exceeded expectations by that much?

I'd love to know what the private opinion of the NASA team was about that launch. One way to view it is that ESA doubled the lifespan of JWST. Another is that they came within 30 m/s of disaster. //

Cloudgazer Ars Tribunus Angusticlavius 8y 15,517

Shiranui said:
How do you mean? How do you turn overdelivering on estimates into pessimistic relief?

Either I'm missing something about Arianespace having taken unnecessary risks to achieve this feat (which I have not heard of so far), or that's a very "glass half empty" perspective.

NASA had an estimated life based on ESA delivering JWST into the expected trajectory, JWST would then need to use its on board thrusters to get the perfect insertion into L2. There was never any doubt that Ariane had the grunt to get JWST into that orbit, or indeed beyond that orbit, but it was imperative that they not overshoot, because if they did JWST was lost.

The targeted trajectory NASA requested from Ariane left room at the top because of that. ESA ate into that margin which delivered a 'better' outcome, but the final adjustments by the JWST were a mere 23 m/s. Had they 'over delivered' by another 23m/s which they were quite capable of doing there would be no JWST.

Publically this was all praised as a great success, but I can't imagine it was quite the same story behind the scenes.

Think of it like shooting the proverbial apple off your wife's head. More points if you hit lower on the apple. This doesn't mean if you aimed for the middle and hit right at the bottom then your wife is going to be entirely happy, because a little lower and you're not a hero - you're William S Burroughs. //

Cloudgazer Ars Tribunus Angusticlavius 8y 15,517

Dan Homerick said:
While reading this, I was thinking "But couldn't JWST have rotated around and burned retrograde to correct a small overshoot?" And to answer that thought, I presume the answer is no, because then it'd be flying through it's own thruster plume, which would fog up the mirrors.

That right?

Kinda, that's half the story ..

More Than You Wanted to Know About Webb’s Mid-Course Corrections! – James Webb Space Telescope
https://blogs.nasa.gov/webb/2021/12/27/more-than-you-wanted-to-know-about-webbs-mid-course-corrections/

Webb has thrusters only on the warm, Sun-facing side of the observatory. We would not want the hot thrusters to contaminate the cold side of the observatory with unwanted heat or with rocket exhaust that could condense on the cold optics

So you're right about not wanting to fly through the plume, and that (along with other considerations) resulted in thrusters only on one side of the vehicle. But as a result of that design decision it's even worse than just contaminating the instrument

Webb’s Journey to L2 Is Nearly Complete – James Webb Space Telescope
https://blogs.nasa.gov/webb/2022/01/21/webbs-journey-to-l2-is-nearly-complete/

“So, why did the Ariane not give Webb more energy and why did Webb need course correction? If the Ariane had given Webb even a little bit too much energy than needed to get it to L2, it would be going too fast when it got there and would overshoot its desired science orbit. Webb would have to do a significant braking maneuver by thrusting toward the Sun to slow down. Not only would that big burn cost a lot of propellant, it would be impossible because it would require Webb to turn 180 degrees in order to thrust toward the Sun, which would have exposed its telescope optics and instruments directly to the Sun, thus overheating their structures and literally melting the glue that holds them together.

Like the enterprise in star trekkin the JWST is always going forwards 'cause they can't find reverse.

Saturn might be the planet in our Solar System best known for its spectacular rings, but the icy giant Uranus also has a system of 13 nested rings. Eleven of those rings—nine main rings and two fainter dusty rings—are clearly visible in the latest spectacular image from NASA's Webb Space Telescope. Future images should reveal the remaining two faint outer rings discovered with the Hubble Space Telescope in 2007.

"Uranus has never looked better. Really," NASA tweeted. "Only Voyager 2 and Keck (with adaptive optics) have imaged the planet's faintest rings before, and never as clearly as Webb’s first glimpse at this ice giant, which also highlights bright atmospheric features."

Moviegoers might have been driven to Barbie by nostalgia, or controversy, or simply to participate in the cultural zeitgeist. And I certainly don’t think every Christian must see the film. I respect those, like my mom, who’ve chosen not to contribute their time and money to this pink summer blockbuster. But since seeing the film, I’ve had several good (and difficult) talks with both my mom and my daughter about its themes. I suspect that’s true for millions of people trying to navigate the tensions in our world between feminism and patriarchy, between men and women.

I hope Christians who do see the movie will engage these conversations. Our culture is struggling with questions about power, gender, purpose, and death. Barbie raises these questions brilliantly, but believers can point to the One who ultimately answers them: the Triune God who created all humans with purpose and for partnership. Only Jesus Christ, as creator and incarnate redeemer, can tell each of us who we really are, what we are for, and that we are profoundly loved.

some audio only, some both audio & video

Ebooks come in approximately 4,312 formats, of which approximately 4,300 are considered obsolete by most people who deal with ebooks today.

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