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If you’re looking for an alternative to CentOS, you cannot go wrong with VzLinux. Virtuozzo has a vast amount of experience developing for Linux within the realm of containers and virtualization, so anyone looking to take Linux down either of those paths will do well with this distribution.
Described as "The last word in filesystems" ZFS is stable, fast, secure, and future-proof. Being licensed under the CDDL, and thus incompatible with GPL, it is not possible for ZFS to be distributed along with the Linux Kernel. This requirement, however, does not prevent a native Linux kernel module from being developed and distributed by a third party, as is the case with zfsonlinux.org (ZOL).
ZOL is a project funded by the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory to develop a native Linux kernel module for its massive storage requirements and super computers
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arch
It's very common in build scripts to have to generate, for example, paths that describe a platform, a build environment, a yum repo path, etc. Usually, I'd use uname -p to get the processor type, but arch is faster to type and self-documenting. //nsupdate <<EOF update add
arpaname $ipaddr
86400 IN PTR $(hostname -f).
send
EOF
This would be easy enough to use inside a loop for when I might have a bunch of new IoT devices, VMs, or a fleet of laptops to install and already have their hostnames/IPs in a simple CSV file or otherwise generated them.
Don't want to compromise on the security of your Linux server? Install these six tools to set up an impenetrable network.
As it turns out, the problem is that Dovecot—which handles IMAP duties on the server—doesn’t notice when the certificate has been updated on disk; it will cheerfully keep using an in-memory cached copy of whatever certificate was present when the service started until time immemorial. //
I created a new root cron job to restart Dovecot once every Sunday at midnight:
# m h dom mon dow command
0 0 * * Sun /etc/init.d/dovecot restart
Since Certbot renews any certificate with 30 days or less until expiration, and the Sunday restart will pick up new certificates within 7 days of their deployment, we should be fine with this simple brute-force approach
There was a time when booting Linux from a floppy disk was the norm, but of course, those days are long gone. Even if you still had a working 3.5 inch drive, surely the size of the modern kernel alone would far exceed the 1.44 MB capacity of the disks, to say nothing of all the support software required to create a usable operating system. Well that’s what we thought, anyway.
But then [Krzysztof Krystian Jankowski] dropped Floppinux, a live Linux OS that boots from just a single floppy. There’s even a few hundred KB left over on the disk, allowing the user to tuck a few of their own programs and scripts onboard before booting it up. But most impressively, the project doesn’t rely on ancient software releases like so many other embedded systems do. Every component of Floppinux is pulled directly from the cutting edge, including version 5.13.0-rc2 of the Linux kernel which is literally just a few days old.
To set your default (preferred) editor on your Unix account, you must define the VISUAL and EDITOR environment variables. When you have done this, most Unix programs that use text editors (for example, trn, tin, and nn) will use the editor you have set.
The way to set these environment variables depends upon which Unix shell you use.
If you use csh or tcsh, at the shell prompt, enter:
setenv VISUAL editor setenv EDITOR editor
Replace editor with the editor you want to use (such as Emacs, Pico, or vi).
If you use sh, ksh, or bash, at the shell prompt, enter:
VISUAL=editor; export VISUAL EDITOR=editor; export EDITOR
Replace editor with the editor you want to use (such as Emacs, Pico, or vi). You may want to include the full path to the editor (for example, /usr/local/bin/emacs, /usr/local/bin/pico, or /bin/vi), rather than simply the name.
Proxmox Virtual Environment is an open source server virtualization management solution based on QEMU/KVM and LXC. You can manage virtual machines, containers, highly available clusters, storage and networks with an integrated, easy-to-use web interface or via CLI. Proxmox VE code is licensed under the GNU Affero General Public License, version 3. The project is developed and maintained by Proxmox Server Solutions GmbH.
For an overview of the Proxmox VE key features see the Proxmox website.
The purpose of this post is to detail how to setup Git within the Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL). Git is the source control tool of choice nowadays. It’s distributed style makes it great for working with a remote team but also allows you to work completely offline, which wasn’t an option for previous tools like Subversion or CVS.
This post focuses on setting up Git for command line access and scripting on Windows. There are other options like Git BASH, which I have used in the past, but why settle for a “BASH emulation” when you can use the real thing?
The Linux kernel is celebrating its thirtieth anniversary this year. In part two of our interview, we conclude our conversation with Linux creator Linus Torvalds. If you haven't already, check out part one to learn all about Linux kernel development and the creation of the Git version control system.
In this second part, Linus offers insight and perspective gained from managing a large open source project for three decades. He also talks about his employment at the Linux Foundation, and describes what he does with his spare time when he's not focused on kernel development.
As to what makes an open source project successful, Linus admits, "I don't really know what the key to success is. Yes, Linux has been very successful, and clearly Git too started on the right foot, but it's always very hard to really attribute that to some deeper cause. Maybe I've just been lucky?" He goes on to offer three practical recommendations he's followed himself: be there for other developers, be open, and be honest. //
Linus has also worked to stay impartial as Linux has grown and become more successful, "I very consciously didn't want to work for a Linux company, for example. I maintained Linux for the first decade without it being my job. That's not because I think commercial interests are wrong, but because I wanted to make sure that people saw me as a neutral party, and never felt like I was 'the competition'."
On the question of whether or not open source is sustainable, Linus replied, "Yes. I'm personally 100% convinced that not only is open source sustainable, but for complex technical issues you really need open source simply because the problem space ends up being too complex to manage inside one single company. Even a big and competent tech company."
If you want to, say, put it in your .profile, then you might try the following setup.
SSH_ENV="$HOME/.ssh/environment"
function start_agent {
echo "Initialising new SSH agent..."
/usr/bin/ssh-agent | sed 's/^echo/#echo/' > "${SSH_ENV}"
echo succeeded
chmod 600 "${SSH_ENV}"
. "${SSH_ENV}" > /dev/null
/usr/bin/ssh-add;
}
# Source SSH settings, if applicable
if [ -f "${SSH_ENV}" ]; then
. "${SSH_ENV}" > /dev/null
#ps ${SSH_AGENT_PID} doesn't work under cywgin
ps -ef | grep ${SSH_AGENT_PID} | grep ssh-agent$ > /dev/null
|| {
start_agent;
}
else
start_agent;
fi
Finally, time to type a password. The last one of this session, maybe.
you#local$ ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_dsa
Need passphrase for /home/mah/.ssh/id_dsa (you@example.com).
Enter passphrase:
Some researchers tried to slip bad patches into the Linux kernel as a "test." When they kept trying, Greg Kroah-Hartman, the Linux kernel maintainer for the stable branch, put an end to their efforts.
The Linux tmux command is a terminal multiplexer, like screen. Its advocates are many and vocal, so we decided to compare the two. Is tmux really better, or is it just a case of preferring what you know?
creen and Tmux both are the terminal multiplexers that have been fabricated for the Unix-like platforms. Although they are in common in many aspects but as well differ from each other on basis of many features. They are equally capable for managing multiple shell instances simultaneously within a single session. Both can offer shared sessions for more than one users connecting at the same time. Screen is GPL based license as a GNU project while Tmux is distributed on the terms of the BSD license. GNU Screen has been around for a longer time as compare to the Tmux. GNU Screen is more-likely to be available on a system to be used.
$ screen -X -S [session # you want to kill] quit
For dead sessions use: $ screen -wipe
Thirty years ago, Linus Torvalds was a 21 year old student at the University of Helsinki when he first released the Linux Kernel. His announcement started, “I’m doing a (free) operating system (just a hobby, won't be big and professional…)”. Three decades later, the top 500 supercomputers are all running Linux, as are over 70% of all smartphones. Linux is clearly both big and professional.
For three decades, Linus Torvalds has led Linux Kernel development, inspiring countless other developers and open source projects. In 2005, Linus also created Git to help manage the kernel development process, and it has since become the most popular version control system, trusted by countless open source and proprietary projects. //
Regarding creating Git and then handing it off to Junio Hamano to improve and maintain, Linus noted, "I don't want to claim that programming is an art, because it really is mostly just about 'good engineering'. I'm a big believer in Thomas Edison's 'one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration' mantra: it's almost all about the little details and the everyday grunt-work. But there is that occasional 'inspiration' part, that 'good taste' thing that is about more than just solving some problem - solving it cleanly and nicely and yes, even beautifully. And Junio had that 'good taste'." //
I very much don't regret the choice of license, because I really do think the GPLv2 is a huge part of why Linux has been successful.
Money really isn't that great of a motivator. It doesn't pull people together. Having a common project, and really feeling that you really can be a full partner in that project, that motivates people, I think. //
I write very little code these days, and haven't for a long time. And when I do write code, the most common situation is that there's some discussion about some particular problem, and I make changes and send them out as a patch mainly as an explanation of a suggested solution. //
Because all my real work is spent on reading and writing emails. It's mostly about communication, not coding. In fact, I consider this kind of communication with journalists and tech bloggers etc to literally be part of my workday - it may get lower priority than actual technical discussions, but I do spend a fair amount of time on things like this too.
All of the past contributions from students and faculty are also being removed
The University of Minnesota has been banned from contributing to the Linux kernel by one of its maintainers after researchers from the school apparently knowingly submitted code with security flaws.
Sometimes, while trying to connect to remote systems via SSH, you may encounter the error “Received disconnect from x.x.x.x port 22:2: Too many authentication failures”. In this short article, I will explain how to fix this error in a few simple steps.
I discovered that this resulted from existence of many ssh identity keys on my machine, and each time I run the ssh client, it would try all my ssh keys known by the ssh-agent and all other keys, when attempting to connect to the remote server (vps2 as shown in the above screenshot). This is the default behavior of ssh.
Since ssh server (sshd) on the remote server expects a particular identity key, the server rejects the connection and ssh client aborts with the above error.
To fix this error, you need to add the IdentitiesOnly with a value of yes, which instructs ssh to only use the authentication identity files specified on the command line or the configured in the ssh_config file(s), even if ssh-agent offers additional identities.
Sometimes, I find it really time-consuming when I wanted to learn a practical example of a given Unix command using man pages. So, I started to look for some good alternatives to man pages which are focused on mostly examples, skipping all other comprehensive text parts. Thankfully, there are some really good alternatives out there. In this tutorial, we will be discussing some alternatives to man pages for Unix-like operating systems.