How easily particular letters are heard (or misheard) can be one consideration when choosing a Vanity callsign.
This Air Force study looked at the intelligibility of each letter when phonetics are used and in the presence of random white noise, which seems to me makes it especially helpful to determine how well the various letters can be heard thru a pileup or in rough conditions. I have pasted what i find to be the key info in the table below, to see the full study please use the link below it.
TABLE II
Intelligibility Scores of the Twenty-Six Alphabet Words (when Masked by Random White Noise)
November 91.16
Romeo 87.67
Whiskey 85.14
Sierra 80.54
Uniform 78.89
Bravo 78.58
Delta 77.62
Tango 76.55
Foxtrot 76.24
Yankee 72.89
Charlie 72.22
Lima 71.58
Pappa 70.45
Mike 69.22
Hotel 68.69
Oscar 67.86
Echo 66.98
Quebec 65.49
Kilo 62.96
Victor 62.67
Juliet 61.77
Zulu 61.67
Golf 58.06
Alfa 54.95
x-Ray 54.25
India 28.67
source:
https://apps.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/404051.pdf
No more refunds. The FCC isn't getting the money. The Treasury is. And, they don't do refunds.
So, multiple applications will simply cost more to no good. Unless you consider it a donation.
Yeah. Blame That Guy with the 500 applications.
I had to go look that up. Make that Those Guys. As in more than one. The callsign applied for was K7DX.
One guy applied 232 times.
Another 115 times
Another 110 times (he won it)
Another 101 times
Another 46 times (slacker)
So, I bet all those refund requests sent up Very Star flares (rather than red flags).
Protection of the civilian population is the responsibility of the armed forces controlling them. Comingling civilian evacuees with military traffic is a war crime because the military traffic is fair game. Using a ferry/bridge for civilian evacuations that are also used for military traffic is irresponsible and could rise to the level of a war crime. There are accepted protocols for civilian evacuation, like a negotiated evacuation corridor monitored by neutral observers. Russia has not attempted to arrange such a corridor, and it is Russia’s responsibility to initiate the action; see my first point. In short, Russia can’t send civilians across the same river crossings used for military operations without negotiating a temporary, supervised cease-fire. Of course, the optics of this would be horrible, and so Russia will continue to risk civilians if not outright use them as human shields.
While he wasn't sure what to expect, Shatner did not predict this. He had been excited to travel to space, and had thought about it for nearly 60 years, but didn't think he'd be overwhelmed with sadness, or that he'd go through "the strongest feelings of grief" that he's ever experienced.
There's a name for what Shatner felt: it's called the "overview effect." The term was coined by space philosopher Frank White in his 1987 book of the same name.
"The overview effect is a cognitive and emotional shift in a person's awareness, their consciousness and their identity when they see the Earth from space," White told NPR. "They're at a distance and they're seeing the Earth ... in the context of the universe."
This context was what struck Shatner the most.
"It was the death that I saw in space and the lifeforce that I saw coming from the planet — the blue, the beige and the white," he said. "And I realized one was death and the other was life."
According to White, everyone who travels to space experiences an "overview effect" — an emotional or mental reaction strong enough to disrupt that person's previous assumptions about humanity, Earth, and/or the cosmos. Everyone's overview effect is unique to them, but there are reactions that are more common than others.
Missouri knew of contamination in Springfield’s groundwater decades before anyone told residents //
Early in 2019, Ed Galbraith faced a crowd of some 200 unhappy Springfield, Missouri, residents. He wanted to make amends.
Galbraith, then director of the Missouri Department of Natural Resources’ environmental quality division, acknowledged that the state agency in charge of protecting the environment should have announced sooner that contaminated water had spread from an old industrial site near Springfield-Branson National Airport. Residents had recently found out that a harmful chemical known to cause cancer had been detected in the groundwater.
The contamination came from the site of the now-shuttered Litton Systems, a former defense contractor that had employed thousands of people in Springfield to make circuit boards for the Navy and telecommunications industry.
Litton used a toxic solvent called trichloroethylene (TCE) to wash the circuit boards and for years improperly disposed of it. The pollutant leached into the groundwater and into aquifers deep below the ground. It then spread to nearby properties, where it made its way into wells that supplied water to those who lived and worked near Litton.
The plant closed in 2007, six years after defense contractor Northrop Grumman bought Litton. Even after Northrop Grumman demolished the facility, the contamination problem lurked below the surface.
“For those people for whom this came as a surprise, especially for those who had TCE in their (water) wells and didn’t know it, I apologize,” Galbraith said at a public forum on March 13, 2019. “We didn’t tell people about it in a timely manner.”
Our health care system is an insurance-run, government-dictated bureaucratic racket.
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Exclusive: the unmarked graves of thousands of sailors are threatened by illegal metal salvagers //
The rusted 70-year-old wrecks are usually sold as scrap but the ships also contain valuable metals such as copper cables and phosphor bronze propellors.
Experts said grave diggers might be looking for even more precious treasures – steel plating made before the nuclear testing era, which filled the atmosphere with radiation. These submerged ships are one of the last sources of “low background steel”, virtually radiation-free and vital for some scientific and medical equipment.
The devastation of the plague pandemic left such an incredible genetic mark on humanity that it's still affecting our health nearly 700 years later.
Up to half of people died when the Black Death swept through Europe in the mid-1300s.
A pioneering study analysing the DNA of centuries-old skeletons found mutations that helped people survive the plague.
But those same mutations are linked to auto-immune diseases afflicting people today.
The Black Death is one of the most significant, deadliest and bleakest moments in human history. It is estimated that up to 200 million people died.
Researchers suspected an event of such enormity must have shaped human evolution. They analysed DNA taken from the teeth of 206 ancient skeletons and were able to precisely date the human remains to before, during or after the Black Death.
The analysis included bones from the East Smithfield plague pits which were used for mass burials in London with more samples coming from Denmark.
On Wednesday, Atlas Air took delivery of a Boeing 747-8 Freighter. This unit is the second of four new 747-8 Freighters ordered by the company in 2021, which are also the last 747s ever to be produced by Boeing, putting an end to the ‘Queen of the Skies’ assembly line.Earlier this week, we also learned that the second to last 747 rolled out of Boeing’s factory. Atlas Air will take delivery of the remaining two ‘Queens of the Skies’ this year, and Boeing will put an end to a 54-year history.
In 2020, at the height of the air industry pandemic crisis, Boeing announced it would stop making the classic 747 within the next two years. Atlas Air placed the final order for the iconic model in January 2021, requesting four brand-new 747-8F aircraft, in an order valued at over US$1.6 billion. This order would bring Atlas Air’s 747 fleet to 57 aircraft. The cargo company is already the largest operator of 747 Freighters in the world.
The 747 was truly a pioneer. It was the first-ever commercial widebody jet and opened up doors across the whole travel industry. Pan American leader Juan Trippe wanted an efficient way to place 400 passengers on one aircraft. Initially, he felt the best route would be to stack two single-aisle cabins on top of each other. Boeing's engineers came up with the widebody solution with a partial second deck.
However, in 1968, the program cost was already at $1 billion. This figure may not seem like a lot, but today, the cost would be equivalent to approximately $7.61 billion. The initial 747 rolled out of Boeing's assembly line in Everett at the end of September, and the type conducted its first flight on February 9th, 1969. //
A return flight between New York and London was retailing for approximately $550 in 1970. This is $5,350 with inflation. So, the higher business costs were backed by higher ticket prices to balance operations. Overall, flying was more expensive across the board during this period. Regardless, long-haul rates were generally higher pre-jumbo.
With Pan Am's management heavily involved in the launch of the project, the carrier naturally became the first to introduce the plane. In April 1966, Pan Am placed an order for 25 Boeing 747-100s. The total cost of this order was $525 million (~$4 billion today). So, Boeing was already halfway to matching the cost of the program with this invoice alone. Each unit would have worked out to cost approximately $21 million (~$160 million today).
The show will feature the first supersonic airshow in the US in over 13 years. Due to the location and mission of Edwards Air Force Base, sonic booms are authorized at this location. The Thunderbirds will be in attendance. //
Every tactical fighter in the USAF inventory will be present. B-1 and B-52 bombers will be part of the show.
Gregory “WIRED” Colyer from Ace Maker Airshows will be flying his famous T-33 demo.
The event is free to the public on both Saturday Oct 15th and Sunday October 16th. Gates will open at 8:30am on both days. The base will close when it hits capacity of 50,000 people.
SNCF, the French national railroad, was among bullet train operators from Europe and Japan that came to California in the early 2000s with hopes of getting a contract to help develop the system.
But SNCF backed out in 2011. Executives saw cronyism and political potholes everywhere. Instead, SNCF went to Morocco. Within six years it had completed Morocco’s bullet train line. They didn’t return to California, nor would it ever. There is too much waste and indecision in California. //
SNCF recommended a direct line from LA to San Francisco. That made sense and it is clear that is what the bond issuance was for. The politicians said no.
An LA County Supervisor wanted the train to run through his district which included the upper Mojave desert, and the city of Palmdale. For those unfamiliar with Southern California that change required a northern jag of an added 41 miles of extra line. //
Imagine my excitement when Newsom announced that California will mandate electric cars. Somehow the state will completely rebuild its electric grid in twelve years. It took the state twenty years(!) to rebuild the Bay Bridge after the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake.
ZFS offers an impressive amount of features even putting aside its hybrid nature (both a filesystem and a volume manager -- zvol) covered in detail on Wikipedia. One of the most fundamental points to keep in mind about ZFS is it targets a legendary reliability in terms of preserving data integrity. ZFS uses several techniques to detect and repair (self-healing) corrupted data. Simply speaking it makes an aggressive use of checksums and relies on data redundancy, the price to pay is a bit more CPU processing power. However, the Wikipedia article about ZFS also mention it is strongly discouraged to use ZFS over classic RAID arrays as it can not control the data redundancy, thus ruining most of its benefits.
As chess champion Magnus Carlsen accuses an American grandmaster, coaches are trying to develop a virtuous love of the game in young players.
Anne van der Bijl, a Dutch evangelical known to Christians worldwide as Brother Andrew, the man who smuggled Bibles into closed Communist countries, has died at the age of 94. //
The book inspired numerous other missionary smugglers, provided funding to van der Bilj’s ministry Open Doors, and drew evangelical attention to the plight of believers in countries where Christian belief and practice were illegal. Van der Bijl protested that people missed the point, however, when they held him up as heroic and extraordinary.
“I am not an evangelical stuntman,” he said. “I am just an ordinary guy. What I did, anyone can do.”
No one knows how many Bibles van der Bijl took into Poland, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia, East Germany, Bulgaria, and other Soviet-bloc countries in the decade before the success of God’s Smuggler forced him into the role of figurehead and fundraiser for Open Doors. Estimates have ranged into the millions. A Dutch joke popular in the late 1960s said, “What will the Russians find if they arrive first at the moon? Brother Andrew with a load of Bibles.” //
At the time of his death, the ministry van der Bijl founded was helping Christians in more than 60 countries. Open Doors distributes 300,000 Bibles and 1.5 million Christian books, training materials, and discipleship manuals every year. The group also provides relief, aid, community development, and trauma counseling, while advocating for persecuted Christians around the globe.
When asked if he had any regrets about his life’s work, van der Bijl said, “If I could live my life over again, I would be a lot more radical.”
Because OilMate had already been tested by Cummins on the engines run by Tarpon, Fleming decided to try it out. "The system is capable of going 2,000 hours without any filter changes whatsoever, and if you change the filters at that time, the oil in the reservoirs can last 4,000 hours," he says. "It also extends the service life of the equipment, so we got a nice bonus."
When Al Gore, John Kerry and the New York Times gang up on someone, you know a political hit is on. That’s what happened last week to World Bank President David Malpass, for the sin of not turning the international lending institution into an arm of Democratic Party policy on climate change. //
The Journal points out that bringing third-world countries into the first world…
…requires energy, which today is still most efficiently and affordably provided by fossil fuels. Yet Mr. Kerry recently cautioned African leaders against investing in long-term natural gas production, as if they have an alternative if they want to develop.
This is an indulgence in a place like California, which is affluent enough to pay twice what its neighboring states do for energy. //
…it amounts to condemning countries in Africa and much of the developing world to more decades of poverty. //
Kerry may even be consigning poor countries to needless hunger from rising prices and perhaps a global shortage of natural gas for fertilizer. Climate monomania is easier to preach with a sea-side view from a bluff in Martha’s Vineyard than it is from a village with unreliable electricity in the Congo.
As the world is painfully learning, the technology doesn’t exist for a rapid transition to a world without fossil fuels. //
Lectures from Mr. Kerry are hard to take when he travels around the world by carbon-spewing private jet or government aircraft. As for Mr. Gore, he has been predicting climate doom for decades even as he invests in green energy backed by copious government subsidies. And what do they have to show for their decades of climate advocacy? They hold conferences and set unrealistic emissions targets. But the U.S. emissions reductions in recent decades are almost entirely the result of the expansion of natural gas production that the climate lobby wants to shut down.
hose with 1/4″ (7/16-20) Female flare on manifold connection and 5/16″ (1/2-20) Female flare angled on service end