Generator & AVR service procedures

• Generator cleaning
• Insulation testing
• AVR Testing
• Field flashing with shunt-type AVR

RS PRO 1365382 LED Digital Panel Multi-Function Meter 4-Digit Limit Relay/Switch Option

• 4 digit, 3 line display
• V, A, kW, kVAr

Data Sheet

$90 USD

The ultimate in camshaft protection for your classic and racing motors! Don't allow stricter E.P.A. standards lead to the premature deterioriation of your engines. ZDDP Maxx replenishes the much needed zinc and phosphorous in your oil to keep your non-roller lifters from early deterioration. Simply add one 2oz bottle of ZDDP Maxx to 4 or 5 quarts of your favorite oil, and for racing engines, add 1oz per quart Manufactured by ZDDP MAXX for ZDDP Maxx. Turbo maxx oil additive doubled oil change intervals stops stiction cleans the engine stops friction and wear better than any product.

Turbo Maxx can be used in any engine or gear box it has the proper make up to more that double oil life under the most extreme conditions.Directions add 1/4 to 1/2 oz per qt of oil. 16 oz will treat 32 to 64 qt.

Economy Day Tanks were designed to fit the demand for a "basic" day tank. Customers and specifying engineers required a transfer pump and motor located on the tank, but did not require the tank to have any other signals, relays or lights. Our Economy Day Tanks are a simplified version of the Automatic Day Tank. The tanks come standard with a fuel level gauge, 2" manual fill connection, 2 GPM pump with 1/3 HP motor, and a level switch that automatically maintains the fuel level in the tank.

Generators and emergency power systems are essential to enabling hospitals and health care facilities to effectively serve their communities //

NFPA 70: National Electrical Code requires every hospital to have two independent power sources that provide a minimum level of reliability: a normal source (i.e., utility) and an alternate source (i.e., generator, fuel cell system or battery system).

Because most health care facilities have traditionally used generators as their alternate source due to runtime and maintenance advantages, this article will focus on generators and essential electrical system (i.e., “emergency power”) design.

For the purposes of this article, the NEC Article 517 term “essential electrical system” and Article 700 term “emergency power system” are synonymous because emergency systems are defined in NEC Article 700, which is applied specifically to hospitals in NEC Article 517.

An emergency system is defined by the NEC as “those systems legally required and classed as emergency by municipal, state, federal and other codes.”

NFPA 110: Standard for Emergency and Standby Power Systems defines the various components that makeup an emergency power system and comprises the emergency power supply and emergency power supply systems.

The EPS is the alternate power source, which in this case is the generator(s). The EPSS consists of the conductors, distribution equipment, overcurrent protective devices, transfer switches and all control, supervisory and support equipment needed for the system to operate between the generator and the transfer switch. Conductors, distribution equipment and overcurrent protective devices on the load side of the transfer switches are not considered part of the EPSS per NFPA 110, but are considered part of the overall emergency power system (see Figure 1).

We’re now more than 20 years removed from the arrival of electronically controlled diesel engines, so why are mechanical diesel engines still part of the conversation? For one thing, mechanical diesels remain relevant because a solid majority of them are still ticking. For another, many OEM’s and remanufacturers continue to produce, repair or rebuild the mechanical mills of old. But exactly why do mechanical diesels continue to be so desirable? In a word, reliability. No matter how refined, clean-burning, and powerful new-age, electronically controlled diesel engines become, their added complexity, shorter injection and turbo system lifespans, and higher costs continue to keep their simpler, mechanical counterparts in high demand.

To be sure, there are undeniable performance advantages associated with electronically controlled diesel engines. But when it comes to million-mile durability, mechanical remains king. This time, we’re spotlighting why mechanical diesels are more reliable than their late-model electronic siblings. And because the internal hard parts are essentially the same between these two engine types, it means the pitfalls of an electronic engine often exist in the electronics themselves. Below, we’ll cover everything from common injector issues to VGT turbo failure, and even the crippling effect a faulty sensor can have on an electronically controlled engine.

Westinghouse's heat-pipe reactor theoretically outputs respectable power compared to larger reactors using light water, heavy water, or both, to cool the fission core. To scale this tech down to a form factor that fits on the back of an 18-wheeler trailer is a feat within itself. //

At its core, the eVInci heat pipe microreactor almost resembles a large gas canister more so than it does a mobile power generating station. Inside this large metal cylinder, nuclear fuel rods of particularly high quality are arranged into a compact but powerful fissile core with large metal heat transfer pipes running through the core's center. The fuel in question is known as Tri-structural isotropic particle fuel, or TRISCO for short. It consists of a proprietary blend of Uranium isotopes mixed with carbon and oxygen to form a fuel kernel the size of a poppy seed.

These highly enriched and energy-potent fissile fuel pellets can theoretically remain critical without the need for refueling for up to eight years. At this point, the whole device can be packed into a shipping container and sent back to Westinghouse's facility in Cranberry Township, Pennsylvania, for proper disposal of spent nuclear fuel rods. On top of that, Westinghouse reckons it's possible to install an eVinci power station in as little as 30 days. //

a pint-sized fission reactor capable of delivering up to five megawatts of electrical power and up to 13 megawatts of thermal energy out of a system that could fit comfortably inside an average-sized warehouse.

Mainspring’s linear generator may speed the transition to a zero-carbon electrical grid. //

The linear generator can quickly switch between different types of green (and not-so-green, if need be) fuel, including biogas, ammonia, and hydrogen. It has the potential to make the decarbonized power system available, reliable, and resilient against the vagaries of weather and of fuel supplies. And it’s not a fantasy; it’s been developed, tested, and deployed commercially. //

It is currently installed at tens of sites, producing 230 to 460 kilowatts at each. We expect linear generators at many more locations to come on line within the next year. //

So rather than mimicking an engine, we designed a new machine that ties the compression and expansion motion directly to the generation of electricity, and in doing so provides the necessary reaction control. This machine ended up looking completely different from—and having almost no parts in common with—a conventional engine. So we felt a new name was needed, and we called it the linear generator.

How the linear generator works
Picture a series of five cylindrical assemblies arranged in a line, held within a boxlike frame. The central tube is the reaction chamber; it’s where the fuel and air go. On either side of it sits a linear electromagnetic machine (LEM) that converts the push from pressure directly into electric power. At each end of the generator is an air-filled cylindrical chamber that acts as a spring to bounce the moving part of the LEM back to the center. The whole arrangement—two air springs, two LEMS, and a reaction chamber—forms a linear generator core. It’s long and skinny: A machine rated at 115 kW is about 5.5 meters long and about 1 meter high and wide.

The LEM, in principle, is an electric motor that has been unrolled to form a line instead of a circle. It consists of a moving part—the translator—and a stationary part—the stator. //

One real-world example of the system working this way pairs our generators with a 3.3-megawatt rooftop solar array. When the sun is shining, our generators turn off, and when the sun goes down or goes behind a cloud, our generators automatically turn on within seconds, immediately providing precisely as much power as the building requires.

Adding a Quick Connect Panel to a building’s power distribution system enables a facility to reap a range of backup and emergency power benefits. This article lists options for adding quick-connect capabilities and differentiates among the available product configurations by answering common questions.

What is an ASCO Quick Connect Panel?

An ASCO Quick Connect Panel is a permanent outdoor device that enables users to connect cables from temporary or portable power equipment to a building’s backup power system when needed. All models are equipped with 16-Series Cam-Lok™ connectors and (2) all quick connect products are listed to UL 1008 or UL 891.

The characteristics that make diesels so effective at high loads also pose a potential reliability and performance issue when run lightly loaded. Running at low load can produce engine operating temperatures below designed levels. When that occurs, fuel combustion is incomplete. The products of incomplete combustion include carbon substances that deposit onto internal engine parts such as pistons, piston rings, and exhaust valves. In addition, wet, unburned fuel residues can collect downstream in the exhaust system, a condition termed “wet stacking”.

The problem with wet-stacking is that the sooty sludge from incomplete combustion accumulates on surfaces throughout the exhaust system. This causes several issues. Where deposits are heavy, they can restrict exhaust flow, causing excess back pressure that can reduce performance or even cause shutdown. They can also contaminate pollution control devices, which increases pollutant emissions. Under some conditions, the residues can also present a fire hazard.

Solutions for Wet Stacking

The most basic solution for addressing wet stacking is to run engines “harder”, that is, with greater amounts of load, thus generating more heat. On this point, some manufacturers state that, following several hours of low-load operation, a best practice is to run engines for a prescribed period of time at high load to increase engine exhaust temperatures and burn off accumulated sludge. However, this solution does not address the reason a genset was running at low-load to start with. If there was insufficient load during a generator run, where will additional load be found to correct the resulting condition? The reason for running low load must be evaluated first.

Portable generators are not strong enough to power your entire home. Decide which appliances you plan to use during an outage and calculate how much power they require. Find a generator whose running wattage is large enough to power these appliances.

In most cases, you will want to purchase a generator whose running wattage is between 4,400 and 10,000 watts. Generators smaller than 4,000 watts are, in most instances, ill-suited for powering a home during an outage as they cannot start many appliances. Generators larger than 10,000 watts are often expensive, difficult to move, noisy, and will not work with the GenerLink transfer switch.

Once you have found the portable generator you plan to purchase, check that it is compatible with the GenerLink by using the link below.

• What is the key point to make the decision of paralleling?
  ** Reliability and redundancy.

• Do you use 4 pole or 3 pole ATSs on 120/208V Y systems

** To determine which configuration (3-pole or 4-pole) to select, attention must be paid to the system grounding scheme and ground fault protection requirements. If ground fault detection is required on either source, a 4-pole transfer switch is necessary in most cases. Per NFPA 70: National Electrical Code 230.95 Ground Fault Protection (GFP) of equipment is required at the service disconnect (utility breaker) for systems with all of the following:

Solidly grounded wye electrical service.
More than 150 volts to ground (277/480 or 347/600 VAC).
Over current device rating of 1000 A or more.
NEC 700.6 (D) and 701.6 (D) requires Ground Fault Indication (GFI) at the emergency source.

Ground fault sensing depends on being able to sense ground fault current. To accurately sense ground fault current, it must return to its source on a known path relative to ground fault current transformers (CTs). In basic emergency standby systems there are two rules to follow to meet these requirements:

There can only be one neutral/ground connection on any neutral bus at one time.
Ground fault sensors (the CTs) must be downstream (or on the load side) of the bonding connection.

To meet both rules when connected to either the normal or the emergency source, the neutral must be switched using a 4-pole transfer switch

1. Cleaner oil, GUARANTEED
2. 30-50% longer oil life
3. Longer service intervals
4. Reduces engine wear
5. Long-term preventative maintenance
6. Reduced maintenance costs… Cut oil changes by 33% how much do you save?
7. Cuts waste disposal costs
8. Supports engine technology for the reduction of exhaust emissions.
9. Reduces total cost of ownership
10. Helps ensure clean combustion and fuel efficiency

Oil Filtration; We offer a filter less, high-speed centrifuge for diesel, natural gas, or gasoline engines. For engines the oil centrifuge uses engine oil pressure. For dedicated applications like oil reclaim/purification systems or industrial vacuum systems a gear pumps is used.

The centrifuges proven record of soot removal will extend life of engine wear parts as well as extend oil change intervals and reduce emissions. No filter elements to stock or dispose.

WMO Centrifuges - Waste Motor Oil Centrifuges: Superior engineering behind every US Filtermaxx Waste Motor Oil Centrifuge produces the best high speed WMO centrifuge available. No other WMO centrifuge can come close to the power, durability, simplicity and ease of operation of a US Filtermaxx WMO Centrifuge. US filtermaxx makes the most powerful waste motor oil centrifuge available when you need the best in oil filtration.

The high speed 2400G 120 volt “home owner” WMO Centrifuge produces excellent results when cleaning and dewatering Waste Motor Oil, dewatering biodiesel, or for general WMO filtration. With a 98% single pass efficiency; the US Filtermaxx WMO centrifuge easily filters submicron particles other waste oil centrifuges leave behind. Get the best waste motor oil centrifuge at US Filtermaxx.

Step up to the 3000G WMO Centrifuge, our standard industrial workhorse, for even more waste motor oil filtration power. The 3000G WMO Centrifuge is ideal for both small and large waste motor oil filtration operations and commercial operation often use banks of 4 or 6 units running in parallel. The 3000G easily removes particulates and dewaters WMO in a single pass allowing your filtered WMO to meet boiler and burner standards or run in your diesel equipment. You will be shocked to see what is in your waste motor oil. Use a waste motor oil centrifuge to clean all of your waste motor oil.

If you are looking for an ultra-high speed waste motor oil centrifuge, then the 10,000G WMO centrifuge is the ultimate centrifugal oil filtration system. With a 99.6% oil filtration efficiency, the fully adjustable speed allows you to fine tune the G force from 2000 G all the way to 10,000 G for the ultimate WMO Centrifuge filtration system.

You can buy a cheaper WMO Centrifuge, but you cannot buy a better WMO centrifuge. Don't risk ruining your engine by running a cheap WMO centrifuge.

*lab test: Used Diesel Crankcase oil before WMO centrifuge: 44,364 particulates per ml. After the WMO Centrifuge: 160 particulates per ml, A 99.6% removal rate.

ZDDP MAXX is a revolutionary concentrated product that will changes your ZDDP level to over 1910ppm with just 2oz in 4 - 6 quarts of oil and keep it from premature deterioration. Recently, ZDDP (Zinc Dialkyldithiophosphate) has been, for the most part, removed from all engine oil products, including synthetics, which can lead to early deterioration for pre-1990 motors, or motors with non-roller lifters.  ZDDP MAXX is the ultimate in camshaft protection!

ZDDP MAXX is the perfect product to save your 5 to 5000 horsepower engine. ZDDP MAXX puts a perfect boundary layer on the metal pieces to prevent them from rubbing together, which leads to increased deterioration.  Every engine made before 1990 and/or racing engine needs ZDDP MAXX for their camshaft's protection!! ZDDP MAXX will raise your sm oils Phosphorous to 1910ppm & Zinc to 2200ppm after 3000 miles, more powerful than all break in oils.

All current API rated SM oils do not meet the needs of these engines. Due to stricter standards by the E.P.A., the ZDDP has been all but completely phased out of oil.  This is okay for the engines produced after 1990 as they utilize roller lifters.  However, the engines produced before 1990, with non-roller lifters are left exposed to early deterioration as the lifters rub against each other; metal to metal.  ZDDP protects by creating a film on cams and flat lifter contact points to prevent that deterioration. 

There is nothing in ZDDP MAXX that was not already in motor oil prior to the implementation of the new E.P.A. standards and the introduction of "SM" oils.  ZDDP MAXX simply brings your "SM" rated oil back to "SF" specifications over 1910ppm phosphorous & 2200ppm zinc. 

P&T selected Cummins DKSH Myanmar for the design and commissioning of the project. Using eightHSK78G Cummins HSK78G natural gas generator sets as the prime power source, our team and P&T met the scope requirements while providing operational cost savings due to the compact 12-cylinder design versus the 20-cylinder design of competing products in the market. This compact design reduced operational costs as the generators need 40% fewer spark plugs and cylinders, lower fuel and lube oil consumption, which in turn helps the HSK78G achieve the industry’s longest major overhaul service cycle of 80,000 hours. //

The IPP sites are currently being operated with Cummins PowerCommand® Digital Master Controller 8000 (DMC8000), seamlessly integrated to provide higher efficiency through demand load management. The power controller is built to order and was customized to best meet the requirements of the project. Designed for resiliency and factory tested for over a thousand disruptive scenarios, it is an ideal addition to this project’s remote power solution.

Because OilMate had already been tested by Cummins on the engines run by Tarpon, Fleming decided to try it out. "The system is capable of going 2,000 hours without any filter changes whatsoever, and if you change the filters at that time, the oil in the reservoirs can last 4,000 hours," he says. "It also extends the service life of the equipment, so we got a nice bonus."

HIMOINSA CEM7 Control Panel

Have you ever wondered why the square root of three shows up in so many three-phase power calculations?

Where does this number come from, and why is it so special?

While the long answer to these questions comes from trigonometry, the good news is that we can use phasor diagrams to make explaining it very simple to understand.

Understanding phasor diagrams is an important skill for relay testing and working through the examples in this article will give you a much deeper understanding of and appreciation for the phasor quantities in phasor diagrams. Regardless of which part of the industry you work in, this will greatly benefit your career in electrical power and relay testing.