The Independent System Operator for the New England power grid (ISO-NE) has produced a summary brief describing the challenges associated with Arctic Outbreak 2017-2018, a period of substantially below normal temperatures that lasted from Dec.25, 2017 until Jan. 8, 2018.

After describing the intensity of the cold wave with a number of graphs, charts, images and words, the brief made the following sobering statements about the fuel mix used to supply power demand.

Overall, there was significantly higher than normal use of oil
– Coal use also increased over normal use
Gas and Oil fuel price inversion led to oil being in economic merit and base loaded
As gas became uneconomic, the entire season’s oil supply rapidly depleted