The Console Menu is not presented under SSH by default, but it can be called directly with the command /etc/rc.initial
I agree with the suggestion to have all four physical servers use your internet sources directly, preferably with default minimum and maximum poll intervals so the software can tune the poll intervals to the conditions as they change.
I also agree with creating a single domain name which has A/AAAA records for all four servers (one or the other, either 4 As or 4 AAAAs, as the clients should not treat the same server via IPv4 and IPv6 as distinct servers unless the network paths are actually distinct, which I doubt they are).
Further, I would suggest the four use each other as additional sources, using the same pool directive as the clients, e.g.
pool ntp.example.com iburst
They will refuse to use their own IP as a source and add the remaining three. Once all servers are referencing each other, I would also suggest enabling orphan mode. Just use “tos orphan 10” in ntp.conf to set the orphan stratum (higher than any normal stratum they operate at, low enough to avoid any downstream clients reaching stratum 15). In case your internet connection is lost, the four servers should then agree on one functioning server the remaining will sync to, providing a single freewheeling clock your entire network will use, rather than 4 different freewheeling clocks which would slowly diverge.
Kevin Kiley @KevinKileyCA
·
I'm introducing a Constitutional Amendment providing that U.S. Senators, like Members of the House, must always be elected rather than appointed.
5:42 PM · Apr 17, 2023
“Section 1. No person shall be a Senator from a state unless such person has been elected by the people thereof. When vacancies happen in the representation of any state in the Senate, the executive authority of such State shall issue writs of election to fill such vacancies.
“Section 2. This amendment shall not be so construed as to affect the election or term of any Senator chosen before it becomes valid as a part of the Constitution.” //
Aiken_Bob mdavt
12 days ago
The repealing of the the 17th would make a whole lot of things better. The great Neal Borts use to say who represents your state in congress -- the answer was No one. //
Romeg mdavt
11 days ago
And the 16th, while we are at it, concomitant with the adoption of The Fair Tax to be administered by the states and leaving the Federal government to collect taxes from the States rather than from the Citizens, obviating any need, whatsoever, for the IRS and the tax code that IT enforces. //
anon-qnbr
12 days ago edited
NO! We need an amendment to repeal the 17th amendment and return state representation to DC, not one to push us further away from the founders intent. State legislators select them. //
BDMcgee
12 days ago
The exact opposite of what we need. Repeal the 17th! Take the 16th out with it //
The Left only destroys
12 days ago
Get rid of the 17th Amendment, but modify the selection process for Senators. The reason the 17th Amendment was passed was because state legislatures couldn't agree on a Senator if the upper chamber and lower chamber were held by different parties. So, stipulate that each chamber appoints one Senator. If a vacancy occurs, the chamber in question can assemble to appoint a replacement. One six-year term and out.
While I am at it...I'm not a Warren Buffett fanboy, but he did have an idea that I would like to modify as follows. Since the House is responsible for initiating revenue bills, require that the House produce a balanced biennial budget on time (such that no continuing resolutions are needed). Failure to do so means that all current members of the House are ineligible to stand for re-election (in my world, that ineligibility would be permanent).
One last thing. Get rid of income withholding. Make people pay in quarterly. You'll see the biggest contraction of government in world history (idea courtesy of Rush Limbaugh). //
TK421 The Left only destroys
11 days ago
I like everything except disqualifying House members. Budget bills should be passed for each cabinet department individually (no omnibus bills), before the first day of the fiscal year. If not, the budget for the new year is automatically frozen at last year's level.
Thin brush head design, deep into cracks is no longer difficult. Makes it easier to clean any gaps, corners, narrow space or cracks in the room.
Crevice design can easily reach into the gap and clean. Two pieces of fabric are clipped together, which is perfect for cleaning the sliding track.
Small enough to get into the gaps of many hard-to-reach corners. Perfect for removing grease & dirt from window grooves, blinds, air vents, sliding doors for shower, doors, etc.
The CEWs report referred to a CBS News investigation that exposed the fact that the ASPCA “raised more than $2 billion for animal welfare” in 2008. However, it only spent about seven percent of the money that was donated to local animal welfare organizations. The organization shelled out $421 million on fundraising. //
“Ever since the ASPCA began to aggressively fund-raise several years ago, humane societies and SPCAs throughout the country have suffered,” said Erica Gaudet Hughes, executive director of the State Human Association of California. “Our member humane societies and SPCAs frequently report hearing from people who gave to the ASPCA believing they were giving to their local shelter. These shelters believe they are missing out on funds that were intended for them.”
Jag Levak
Smack-Fu Master, in training
1m
20
Yesterday at 8:14 PM
#104
violaceous said:
It's a bad idea due to one and only one reason:
Solid/liquid radioactive waste pollution stream
We have no where to put that crap!
Do you think this is an issue which is merely not presently solved, or one which cannot be solved?
Do you reject all options that have wastes?
Do you oppose the development of kinds of nuclear which could consume the spent fuel we already have?
If waste is contained, is it really pollution?
If there are fission products we can find uses for, would those still count as waste?
We did launch nuclear power before we had a real plan for what to do with the spent fuel, but because we didn't wait we also got some benefits, like:
nearly 2 million people avoided choking deaths, millions more avoided serious illness, many hundreds of billions in health care costs were avoided; around 60 billion tons of CO2 were displaced, thousands of tons of mercury and other heavy metal poisons were not released; and our power plants gave us the means to destroy the fuel from 20,000 nuclear warheads. And in exchange for all those benefits, we now have some spent fuel which has never killed anyone. Do you feel that was a bad trade? //
JohnDeL
Ars Praefectus
7y
4,952
Yesterday at 4:40 PM
#93
ranthog said:
Fusion plants may be practical for several reasons.
They can help displace coal and natural gas faster than just building wind and solar.
Let's check that, shall we?
Right now, the US has approximately 360 coal-fired plants with a total nominal capacity of 260 GW. And in this year alone, there will be about 27 GW of solar or wind power added to the US grid. So, even if the pace of solar and wind power plant building doesn't increase (and there is every reason to think that it will), renewables will be able to completely replace coal in under a decade.
Any bets on fusion being ready for commercial-style plants in a decade?
There is roughly three times as much power produced from natural gas-fired plants in the US, so it would take another three decades at the current rate of adoption for solar and wind to replace natural gas.
Will fusion be ready in four decades? Maybe?
Should we keep researching into fusion power? Heck, yeah. If nothing else, fusion is the best way to move around the solar system. But count on it as an alternative to solar and wind? Heck, no. Not unless there are a lot of advances in a very short time - but I wouldn't bet on that happening.
Unimportant Smack-Fu Master, in training
3y
96
Admiral Rickover's 1953 paper reactors memo:
http://www.ecolo.org/documents/documents_in_english/Rickover.pdf
Still a classic.
Excerpt:
An academic reactor or reactor plant almost always has the following basic characteristics:
It is simple.
It is small.
It is cheap.
It is light.
It can be built very quickly.
It is very flexible in purpose (“omnibus reactor”)
Very little development is required. It will use mostly “off-the-shelf” components.
The reactor is in the study phase. It is not being built now.
On the other hand, a practical reactor plant can be distinguished by the following characteristics:
It is being built now.
It is behind schedule.
It is requiring an immense amount of development an apparently trivial items. Corrosion, in particular, is a problem.
It is very expensive.
It takes a long time to build because of the engineering development problems.
It is large.
It is heavy.
It is complicated.
Click to expand...
That said, some PWR and BWR modular designs are very far along and should be started soon. //
panton41 Ars Tribunus Angusticlavius
13y
8,509
Subscriptor
One thing I keep in mind is that there's a few companies in the United States that install 3-4 reactors a year and generally on-time and under budget - General Dynamics Electric Boat Company, Huntington Ingalls Industries and Newport News Shipbuilding.
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From that article:
Microsoft says that Insider Program PCs that didn't meet Windows 11's minimum requirements "had 52% more kernel mode crashes" than PCs that did and that "devices that do meet the system requirements had a 99.8% crash-free experience."
So... 0.2% experienced crashes. 52% more is 0.3%. So 99.7% had a crash-free experience without the new features. I suspect it's mostly about locking everything down. Heck, looking at StatCounter's Windows version stats the share of Win7 only fell below 10% in 2023 even though support ended in 2020. Use of Win11 is only 20% today. Clearly nobody's rushing to get a new OS.
The problem for Microsoft is that they have nowhere to grow. Apple's M-chip computers are selling well. For the younger generation smartphones/tablets are their default. They have the business and gaming markets, but those are already saturated. But if they think they can increase the revenue through OEM fees by forcing a premature upgrade of non-obsolete hardware, I think they're really miscalculating.
People will simply not upgrade. Best case nothing happens from running unsupported and they don't get any money, worst case some bad exploits and bad PR. Apple must be loving that, if they can avoid pricing their entry level products out of the market they'll grab another big chunk of ex-Windows customers. And Linux is an okay desktop these days too, if you don't want either of those.
Nowicki Ars Tribunus Angusticlavius
8y
6,548
Subscriptor++
Ive made the full adoption to windows 11 and figured out how to work around their simplification of the OS.
For all you techies who want original control panel options in windows 11
right click on the option like devices and printers, then click on open in new window. Now you have the old interface for that tool in windows 11 like it was in windows 10.
I used to regret coming into this world mere months after the final Apollo mission, thinking I had missed the great age of exploration. But I no longer do. In just the last six months, I have seen the launch of the two most powerful rockets ever built, the Space Launch System and Starship. I have seen the naming of not one but two crews that will fly around the Moon, Artemis II and the dearMoon project. As NASA says, we are going.
Yet still more remarkably, during the last half-year, I have seen two dozen rockets land on a drone ship and fly again. We no longer treat this as remarkable, but we absolutely should. These now-routine Falcon 9 first stage landings at sea are a harbinger of the future. //
This is a far more wonderful and wild time in space than any that came before. There is incredible opportunity and peril. The future is unknowable but tantalizing.
So I no longer have any regrets about missing Apollo. I am thrilled to be alive at this very moment in human history. //
pokrface Senior Technology Editor
ARS STAFF
Re: the ubiquity of reusability — when I'm doing Saturn V tour shifts, one of the most common questions people ask is whether the giant Saturn V they're standing next to ever flew, and how NASA recovered it. I would guess that out of everyone who asks a question about the rocket, 50% of them ask that one in particular. When I tell them that no, the Saturn V was a one-and-done thing and most of it was destroyed during launch, most folks are genuinely flabbergasted.
SpaceX has gotten so good at reusable rocketry that it's almost unbelievable. It's similarly unbelievable how quickly the idea of rockets that return and land on their own has become nor just normalized, but the expected way things are supposed to work.
Like Berger says, that's one of the most amazing shifts in perspective I've ever seen in my entire life.
Sky's Africa correspondent, Yousra Elbagir, watched as evacuees arrived in Saudi Arabia from Sudan on HMS Taif.
In the crowd, she spotted her uncle, Mohsin, a Sudanese-American surgeon, who boarded a ship in Port Sudan to escape the fighting in Khartoum.
Thursday 27 April 2023 19:18, UK
The "write hole" effect can happen if a power failure occurs during the write. It happens in all the array types, including but not limited to RAID5, RAID6, and RAID1. In this case it is impossible to determine which of data blocks or parity blocks have been written to the disks and which have not. In this situation the parity data does not match to the rest of the data in the stripe. Also, you cannot determine with confidence which data is incorrect - parity or one of the data blocks.
Write hole in RAID5
"Write hole" is widely recognized to affect a RAID5, and most of the discussions of the "write hole" effect refer to RAID5. It is important to know that other array types are affected as well.
If the user data is not written completely, usually a filesystem corrects the errors during the reboot by replaying the transaction log. If a file system does not support journaling, the errors will still be corrected during the next consistency check (CHKDSK or fsck).
If the parity (in RAID5) or the mirror copy (in RAID1) is not written correctly, it would be unnoticed until one of the array member disks fails. If the disk fails, you need to replace the failed disk and start RAID rebuild. In this case one of the blocks would be recovered incorrectly. If a RAID recovery is needed because of a controller failure, a mismatch of parity doesn't matter.
A mismatch of parity or mirrored data can be recovered without user intervention, if at some later point a full stripe is written on a RAID5, or the same data block is written again in a RAID1. In such a case the old (incorrect) parity is not used, but new (correct) parity data would be calculated and then written. Also, new parity data would be written if you force the resynchronization of the array (this option is available for many RAID controllers and NAS). //
How to avoid the "write hole"?
In order to completely avoid the write hole, you need to provide write atomicity. We call the operations which cannot be interrupted in the middle of the process "atomic". The "atomic" operation is either fully completed or is not done at all. If the atomic operation is interrupted because of external reasons (e.g. a power failure), it is guaranteed that a system stays either in original or in final state.
In a system which consists of several independent devices, natural atomicity doesn't exist. Variance of mechanical hard drives characteristics and data bus particularities don't allow to provide required synchronization. In these cases, transactions are typically used. Transaction is a group of operations for which atomicity is provided artificially. However, expensive overhead is required to provide transaction atomicity. Hence, transactions are not used in RAIDs.
One more option to avoid a write hole id to use a ZFS which is a hybrid of a filesystem and a RAID. ZFS uses "copy-on-write" to provide write atomicity. However, this technology requires a special type of RAID (RAID-Z) which cannot be reduced to a combination of common RAID types (RAID 0, RAID 1, or RAID 5).
NTP Client (Network Time Protocol) is the software client that allows your router to synchronize with an available time server. Your router's current time is listed in the upper right hand corner of the Web GUI when you log in to your router. Certain features such as "Access Restrictions" and the "Traffic by Month" graph will not function if the router hasn't synchronized with a time server. And if it has synchronized but the time has not been adjusted for your time zone, you may see unexpected behavior. You cannot set your time manually, and must do it via NTP. Don't be fooled by the time zone setting located at "Setup" > "Basic Setup" > "Time Settings". This setting alone is only to adjust the synchronized time from the server to match your local time.
As Brainslayer states "If NTP is disabled the time starts at zero which is 1 January 1970".
As mentioned, you cannot just manually set the time on your router and then forget about it. You can, however, set it to synchronize with a public time server using the NTP client and then forget about it. To configure the NTP client, log into the router and go to "Setup" > "Basic Setup" > "Time Settings". Now:
1) Select "Enable" next to NTP Client
2) Choose the appropriate Time Zone for your area
3) Set Summer Time (DST) as appropriate (See Time Zone settings below)
4) Enter the domain name or IP address of the time server you have selected (See Time Servers below)
Don't forget to Save and Apply settings.
How often does NTP synchronize? According to redhawk0, it is "checked at boot up...then after 120 seconds for a second time....that's it."
http://www.dd-wrt.com/phpBB2/viewtopic.php?p=419797#419797
Have the clocks just changed in your area but you find that DD-WRT is still an hour behind/ahead? Open a Telnet/SSH command prompt and run these three commands:
ntpclient pool.ntp.org
stopservice process_monitor
startservice process_monitorCourtesy: http://www.dd-wrt.com/phpBB2/viewtopic.php?p=271968#271968
One of the most iconic launch sites in the world, Vandenberg Space Force Base’s Space Launch Complex 6 (SLC-6), will be leased by SpaceX. Confirmation came after Col. Rob Long, Space Launch Delta 30 (SLD 30) commander, signed a statement supporting SpaceX’s lease to launch Falcon 9 and Falcon Heavy missions from the launch site.
industrial water filters from Orival.
I recently wrote about an extraordinarily misleading Kaiser Family study that claimed “1 in 5” Americans have a family member who has been killed by a gun. Kaiser’s inflated findings were based on a small sample size of self-reported answers to questions that offered no useful limiting parameters.
In many ways, another endlessly repeated contention of gun controllers suffers from the same problem: Gun violence is the number one cause of death of children in America. Virtually every media outlet and Democrat repeats this contention — including, recently, the vice president. The claim is meant to conjure up distressing images of frolicking kids in parks and schools being gunned down by assault weapons. //
According to the CDC, the number one killer of children between 1-14 are accidents — vehicular, suffocation, and drowning. Twice as many kids under 12 died in cars than from guns. Also, if these studies began at birth rather than starting at one, the leading killer of all children would be diseases and genetic abnormalities. Surely a one-year-old is as much a “kid” as a 19-year-old. (And if you begin at fetal viability, by far the leading killer of young people would be late-term abortions — more than 8,000 viable unborn, and probably more than 50,000 performed after 15 weeks.)
Truth remains true no matter the length of time that has transpired since it was initially spoken. There is no expiration date for it. What is true today was also true yesterday and will still be true tomorrow.
Despite this obvious fact, many in our society have begun to reject anything that predates our times. We view ourselves as better and more intelligent than every generation that came before us. There is an inherent danger in presupposing our “modern” values to be superior in every way to those held by previous generations.
C.S. Lewis calls this “chronological snobbery,” which he defines as “the uncritical acceptance of the intellectual climate of our own age and the assumption that whatever has gone out of date is on that count discredited.”
His words still ring true today, though I hasten to add that those who subscribe to this philosophy would no doubt discount his words on the same grounds — they were, after all, penned in the mid-20th century. Antiquated indeed.
Most recently, I have seen this in action through the attempted rewriting of children’s classics like “The Secret Garden” to be less “problematic.” And don’t forget the great cancellation era of 2020 in which classic novels such as “Gone With the Wind” found themselves on the chopping block.
Removing classic literature from shelves only serves to harm us as a society. Readers can engage with such material and determine for themselves what is true and worth emulating and what is not. And, quite frankly, how demeaning is it to presume we are incapable of a feat that is hardly an exercise in cognitive gymnastics? No one in his right mind reading “Gone with the Wind” thinks that the way slaves are treated or discussed within the pages of the novel or in the film is acceptable. It makes you uncomfortable — and it should.
Growth stems from discomfort. If such books and ideas are removed from public consumption and discourse, then personal growth will stagnate, and we will have no concept of the thoughts and values of another era.